OphthoAcademy
Neuro-ophthalmology
The afferent and efferent visual pathways, pupillary disorders, optic neuropathies, cranial nerve palsies, nystagmus localization, and neuromuscular junction disease — organized into the same clinical concepts the app tests on.
Afferent Pathway & Visual Fields
Afferent Visual Pathway Anatomy
Optic nerve, chiasm, tract, radiations, and occipital cortex organization.
ReadVisual Field Defect Localization
Chiasmal syndromes, junctional scotoma, homonymous hemianopia, quadrantanopia.
ReadPupillary Examination & Disorders
Pupillary Exam — RAPD & Afferent Pathway
Marcus Gunn pupil, swinging flashlight test, pupillary light reflex pathway.
ReadPupillary Disorders — Efferent/Autonomic
Adie tonic pupil, Argyll Robertson pupil, light-near dissociation.
ReadHorner Syndrome
Oculosympathetic pathway localization, pharmacologic testing, carotid dissection.
ReadOptic Neuropathies
Optic Neuritis & Demyelinating Disease
MRI findings, the ONTT, Uhthoff phenomenon, relationship to MS.
ReadIschemic Optic Neuropathy
Arteritic AION/giant cell arteritis vs. non-arteritic AION.
ReadToxic, Nutritional & Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, ethambutol toxicity.
ReadPapilledema & Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Grading, pathophysiology, neuroimaging workup, IIH management.
ReadOptic Disc Drusen
Buried vs. visible drusen, imaging diagnosis, differentiation from papilledema.
ReadCranial Nerve Palsies & Brainstem Localization
Oculomotor (CN III) Nerve Palsy
Compressive vs. ischemic, pupil-sparing significance, aberrant regeneration.
ReadTrochlear (CN IV) & Abducens (CN VI) Nerve Palsy
Bielschowsky head tilt test, CN VI as a false-localizing sign.
ReadInternuclear Ophthalmoplegia & Gaze Palsies
INO, one-and-a-half syndrome, brainstem gaze palsies, skew deviation.
ReadCranial Nerve Nuclei & Brainstem Localization
Abducens/oculomotor nuclei, Edinger-Westphal, diplopia workup.
ReadDorsal Midbrain & Other Localizing Syndromes
Parinaud syndrome, Foster Kennedy syndrome.
ReadNystagmus
Nystagmus — Central Localization
Downbeat, periodic alternating, see-saw nystagmus, Wernicke encephalopathy.
ReadNystagmus — Peripheral/Vestibular Localization
HINTS exam, Alexander's law, latency and fatigability.
ReadMyasthenia Gravis & Functional Visual Loss
Myasthenia Gravis — Diagnosis
Edrophonium/Tensilon, ice pack, single-fiber EMG, antibody subtypes.
ReadMyasthenia Gravis — Clinical Features & Management
Fatigability, Cogan lid twitch, crisis management.
ReadFunctional (Non-Organic) Visual Loss
Bedside testing techniques, management, prognosis.
ReadTest yourself on Neuro-ophthalmology
OphthoAcademy has real practice questions across all of neuro-ophthalmology's clinical concepts, with spaced repetition to help it stick.
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